Part of Chemistry (Single Science) Structures, trends, chemical. These trends explain the periodicity observed in the elemental properties of atomic radius, ionization energy, electron affinity, and electronegativity. The periodic table helps to categorise the known elements and make predictions about ones that we haven’t yet discovered. This happens because the number of filled principal energy levels (which shield the outermost electrons from attraction to the nucleus) increases downward within each group. Second, moving down a column in the periodic table, the outermost electrons become less tightly bound to the nucleus. 1: Selected Properties of the Group 18 Elements. These predictions actually summarize the chemistry observed for these elements. As this happens, the electrons of the outermost shell experience increasingly strong nuclear attraction, so the electrons become closer to the nucleus and more tightly bound to it. Like the heavier halogens, xenon and perhaps krypton should form covalent compounds with F, O, and possibly Cl, in which they have even formal oxidation states (+2, +4, +6, and possibly +8). First, electrons are added one at a time moving from left to right across a period. In addition to this activity, there are two other important trends. Stable octets are seen in the inert gases, or noble gases, of Group VIII of the periodic table. Elements tend to gain or lose valence electrons to achieve stable octet formation. But you should realize that this is only a general trend, and there are some exceptions. This has the general trend to make the later elements heavier than the earlier elements. Each element going from left to right tends to be more reactive. ![]() So, ionisation enthalpy increases in period and. These trends can be predicted merely by examing the periodic table and can be explained and understood by analyzing the electron configurations of the elements. Reactivity: The reactivity of the elements increases going from left to right on the periodic table. Order of Periodic Trends and Reasons : When we go left to right atomic radius and ionic radius decreases. The periodic table arranges the elements by periodic properties, which are recurring trends in physical and chemical characteristics.
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